Dunfermline is a village in Fulton County, Illinois, United States.

[4] A share of the first settlers being natives of Dunfermline, Scotland, caused the name to be selected.

Illinois Route 78 forms the eastern border of the village; the highway leads north 5 miles (8 km) to Canton and south 6 miles (10 km) to U.S. Route 24 at Little America.

Lewistown, the county seat, is 11 miles (18 km) to the southwest by Illinois Route 100.

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Dunfermline has a total area of 0.15 square miles (0.39 km2), all land.