Dwifungsi ("dual function") was a political doctrine implemented by Suharto's military-dominated New Order government in Indonesia following the removal of President Sukarno.
When martial law was declared in 1957, the Army expanded its role into political economic and administrative areas.
This new doctrine laid down the Army's non-military functions, namely "to participate in every effort and activity of the people in the field of ideology, politics and economics and the socio-cultural field"[2] It also produced a document entitled "The Army's Contribution of Ideas to the Ampera Cabinet".
This had two parts: Through dwifungsi and the New Order political vehicle, Golkar, the ABRI (especially the army) was able to enmesh itself into all levels of Indonesian society, in a manner that reached its peak in the 1990s, but remains strong.
After 1999 election, 38 out of 700 members of the MPR for 1999–2004 term were from ABRI officers – which would be consisted of separated military and police.