After the Cherokee were required to move to Indian Territory in 1828, the mission was reestablished in 1829 near present-day Marble City, Oklahoma.

[2] The mission was founded in August 1820 on Illinois Bayou near present-day Russellville, Arkansas by Cephas Washburn.

Timothy Dwight, president of Yale College and a corporate member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.

There were at least 24 buildings, including residences for missionaries, students, staff, and visitors; support buildings that included a combination library, post office and pharmacy; a dining hall with kitchen; a storehouse; a blacksmith shop; lathe and carpenter shop; a stable and a barn.

[3] Its primary mission was to provide an education to Cherokee children and expose them to the Christian religion.

[6] During the American Civil War, many of the mission's buildings were burned down in warfare between pro-Confederate and pro-Union forces.

It was then operated by Board of National Missions of the Presbyterian Church USA, and served seventy-one students, mostly Cherokee and Choctaw.

[11] Dwight Mission today operates as a Presbyterian camp, retreat, and conference center between Marble City and Sallisaw, Oklahoma.