Otorhinolaryngology

Patients seek treatment from an otorhinolaryngologist for diseases of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull, head, and neck.

These commonly include functional diseases that affect the senses and activities of eating, drinking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, and hearing.

In the United States and Canada, otorhinolaryngology is one of the most competitive specialties in medicine in which to obtain a residency position following medical school.

[3][4] In the United Kingdom, entrance to higher surgical training is competitive and involves a rigorous national selection process.

Transfer of the tissue to the head and neck allows surgeons to rebuild the patient's jaw, optimize tongue function, and reconstruct the throat.

These blood vessels are typically no more than 1 to 3 millimeters in diameter, which means that these connections need to be made with a microscope, which is why the procedure is called "microvascular surgery".