Earl of Dalhousie (/dælˈhaʊzi/), in the County of Midlothian, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, held by the Chief of Clan Ramsay.

The family descends from Sir George Ramsay, who represented Kincardineshire in the Scottish Parliament in 1617.

However, as he did not like the title, he obtained a letter from James VI in 1619 to change it to Lord Ramsay of Dalhousie (with the precedence of 1618).

In 1633 he was created Lord Ramsay of Keringtoun and Earl of Dalhousie, in the County of Midlothian, in the Peerage of Scotland.

He was a colonel in the Scots Guards and brigadier-general in the British Army and fought in the War of the Spanish Succession.

In 1875, he was created Baron Ramsay, of Glenmark in the County of Forfar, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, which entitled him to a seat in the House of Lords.

His eldest son, the fourteenth Earl, was a captain in the Scots Guards and an honorary colonel in the North Scottish Royal Garrison Artillery (TA).

He was a Conservative Member of Parliament before succeeding in the earldom and later served as Governor-General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland and was Chancellor of the University of Dundee.

George Ramsay (died 1705), younger son of the second Earl, was a lieutenant-general in the Army and served as commander-in-chief of the forces in Scotland in 1702.

John Ramsay (1775–1842), fourth son of the eighth Earl, was a lieutenant-general in the service of the General Staff of India.

Charles Ramsay, fourth son of the twelfth Earl, represented Forfar in the House of Commons from 1894 to 1895.

Sir Patrick Ramsay (1879–1962), second son of the thirteenth Earl, was a diplomat and served as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Greece, Hungary and Denmark.

Sir Alexander Ramsay, third son of the thirteenth Earl, was an admiral in the Royal Navy and served as Fifth Sea Lord from 1938 to 1939.

Their son was Alexander Ramsay of Mar, husband of Flora Fraser, 21st Lady Saltoun.