Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.

By 1903, it dawned on the government on the necessity of partitioning Bengal and creating prospects for Assam's commercial expansion.

It was promised to increase investment in education and jobs in the new province called Eastern Bengal and Assam.

[1] Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, proposed the Partition of Bengal and put it into effect on 16 October 1905.

Eastern Bengal was reunited with western Bengali districts, and Assam was made a chief commissioner's province.

[1] The densely populated districts in East Bengal and the Surma and Brahmaputra Valleys were home to Indo-Aryan ethnic groups, including the Bengalis (27,272,895) and the Assamese (1,349,784).

[1] Hill districts were home to a predominantly Tibeto-Burman population, including groups like the Tripuri people Tiprasa, Chakmas, Mizos, Nagas, Garos and Bodos.

The Port of Chittagong began to flourish in international trade, and was connected to its hinterland by the Assam Bengal Railway.

Shipbuilding was a major activity in coastal Bengal, and catered to the British naval and merchant fleets.

A number of new ferry services were introduced connecting Chittagong, Dhaka, Bogra, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Jalpaiguri, Maldah and Rajshahi.

This improved communication network created a positive impact on overall economy, boosting trade and commerce.

The Assam Rifles guarded the eastern frontier of the province, while the Gurkha regiments and the Bengal Military Police patrolled northern borders.

The Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar (BCIM) grouping also seeks to stimulate economic growth in this Asian sub-region.