The economy of São Tomé and Príncipe, while traditionally dependent on cocoa, is experiencing considerable changes due to investment in the development of its oil industry in the oil-rich waters of the Gulf of Guinea.

[4] Geologists estimate that the Gulf of Guinea zone (Niger Delta province) holds more than 10 billion barrels (1.6 km3) of oil, although no reserves have yet been proven.

São Tomé is optimistic that significant petroleum discoveries under the exploration licence are forthcoming, though no crude oil nor natural gas has been found as of 2021.

[6] The government has an economic program that is supported by the IMF, via its Extended Credit Facility arrangement.

Budget: Industries: light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish processing; timber Agriculture – products: cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra, cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papayas, beans; poultry; fish Exports: $13 million (2010 est.)