It originated in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) during the 19th century and is renowned for its clear, intricately cut glass displaying bold geometric patterns.
In 1873, a Western-style glassworks was established in Shinagawa, Tokyo, and in 1881 British glass expert Emmanuel Hauptmann was invited to Japan to introduce advanced European techniques.
[1] As the techniques for cutting and polishing developed, the quality of Edo kiriko improved steadily, reaching the height of its popularity in the early years of the 20th century.
Next, the design is marked on the glass using red iron oxide pigment, followed by a rough cutting of the pattern on a grinding wheel with a water-sand mixture as a lubricant.
[5] Edo kiriko experienced a revival after World War II, as contemporary artisans embraced traditional techniques while introducing modern design elements.