Eduard Samoilovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Эдуа́рд Само́йлович Кузнецо́в, Hebrew: אדוארד קוזנצוב; 29 January 1939 – 22 December 2024) was a Soviet-Israeli dissident, refusenik, journalist, and writer.

[2]: 145 In 1961, Kuznetsov was arrested and tried for the first time for his involvement in publishing samizdat, and for making overtly political speeches in poetry readings at Mayakovsky Square in central Moscow.

Arrested for "high treason," he was set to be executed, but after lodging an appeal and international protests, his sentence was transmuted to fifteen years in prison and labour camp.

[citation needed] In 1979, he and four other dissidents (Dymshits, Baptist preacher Georgi Vins, samizdat writer Alexander Ginzburg, and Ukrainian nationalist Valentyn Moroz) were exchanged for two Soviet spies arrested in the United States.

He lived in Jerusalem, Israel and was a board member of the Gratitude Fund, an organisation supplying financial aid to former Soviet dissidents.