Meyer was born in Hamburg and educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums[1] and later at the universities of Bonn and Leipzig.
He was appointed professor of ancient history at Breslau in 1885, at Halle in 1889, and at Berlin in 1902.
[2] Honorary degrees were given him by Oxford, St. Andrews, Freiburg, and Chicago universities.
In 1904 Meyer was the first to note the Sothic cycle of the Heliacal rising of Sirius, which forms the basis for the traditional chronology of Egypt.
He also published: In English translation He was also a contributor to the Encyclopaedia Biblica (1903), the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica as well as to sections of The Historians' History of the World.