Eleazar played a number of roles during the course of the Exodus, from creating the plating for the altar from the firepans of Korah's assembly,[2] to performing the ritual of the red heifer.

Leviticus 10:16–18 records an incident when Moses was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, for failing to eat a sin offering inside the Tabernacle in accordance with the regulations set out in the preceding chapters of Leviticus regarding the entitlement of the priests to a share of the offerings they made on behalf of the Israelite people.

As the Israelites moved through the wilderness during the Exodus journey, Eleazar was responsible for carrying the oil for the lampstand, the sweet incense, the daily grain offering and the anointing oil, and also for oversight of the carriage of the Ark of the Covenant, table for showbread, altar and other tabernacle fittings which were transported by the Kohathite section of the Levite tribe.

[9] The Hill of Phinehas[10] related in the Bible is associated with the location of the village of Awarta in the Samarian section of the current day West Bank.

[11] The high priesthood was restored to the family of Eleazar in the person of Zadok after Abiathar was cast out by Solomon.