Electoral quota

Condorcet methods Positional voting Cardinal voting Quota-remainder methods Approval-based committees Fractional social choice Semi-proportional representation By ballot type Pathological response Strategic voting Paradoxes of majority rule Positive results In proportional representation systems, an electoral quota is the number of votes a candidate needs to be guaranteed election.

Specifically, the Hare quota is unique in being unbiased in the number of seats it hands out.

This makes it more proportional than the Droop quota (which is biased towards larger parties).

[7] The Droop quota is used in most single transferable vote (STV) elections today and is occasionally used in elections held under the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation (list PR).

It is given by the expression:[1][8] It was first proposed in 1868 by the English lawyer and mathematician Henry Richmond Droop (1831–1884), who identified it as the minimum amount of support needed to secure a seat in semiproportional voting systems such as SNTV, leading him to propose it as an alternative to the Hare quota.

Seats were allocated to each borough in proportion to voter turnout (rather than population).

Across its history, New York City's total seats on council varied from 17 to 26 depending on turnout.