Electronic identification

They can be used to view to access benefits or services provided by government authorities, banks or other companies, for mobile payments, etc.

Countries which currently issue government-issued eIDs include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Estonia, Finland, Guatemala, Germany, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Latvia,[2] Lithuania,[3] Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal, Poland, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Slovakia,[4] Malta, and Mauritius.

Norway, Sweden and Finland accept bank-issued eIDs (also known as BankID) for identification by government authorities.

[5][6][7] Austria has initially issued eIDs ("Bürgerkarte") via its national health insurance card (eCard), but has later introduced an app-based solution ("Handy-Signatur").

[8] As of 5 December 2023, the Handy-Signatur and the Bürgerkarte (Citizen Card) have been upgraded and replaced by "ID Austria", which offers enhanced digital identification and authentication capabilities.

[11] The eID card contains a chip containing:[12] At home, the users can use their electronic IDs to log into specific websites (such as Tax-on-web, allowing them to fill in their tax form online).

This ID, beside containing the usual information, also holds a contact number that people, or the child themselves, can call when they, for example, are in danger or had an accident.

An important goal of the Kids-ID card is to allow children to join "youth-only" chat sites, using their eID to gain entrance.

Bulgaria introduced a limited scale proof-of-concept of electronic identity cards, called ЕИК (Eлектронна карта за идентичност), in 2013.

The most widely used version today is on a mobile phone - with the authentication key held on a SIM card.

Each time they need to identify, verify or sign something online, a prompt via flash SMS is initiated and the PIN code is validated.

Today this system is used by all banks, government services (island.is portal), healthcare, eductation, document signing and over 300 private companies using for customer page logins (linked to the Icelandic ID no.).

Since the only thing to remember is one's PIN code and their phone, it is very prevalent, and works as a sort of single-sign-on service.

The smartcard was first introduced in late 2008 for employees of government departments, large companies and the healthcare system.

In November 2013 the SIM card implementation for mobile phones was introduced, which led to a much quicker take-up of eIDs due to its ease of use.

Since 25 May 2023, Romanians are able to use their national ID to sign up to the RoEID application which allows them to access public services[22] Electronic identity cards in Spain are called DNIe and have been issued since 2006.

It would have updated current legislation and would have continued to allow private companies or public organizations to issue eIDs if certified by a new federal authority.

Electronic IDs are used for secure web login to Swedish authorities, banks, health centers (allowing people to see their medical records and prescriptions and book doctors visits), and companies such as pharmacies.

[40] Costa Rica plans to introduce facial recognition data into its national identification card.

[41] Guatemala introduced its electronic identity card called DPI (Documento Personal de Identificación) in August 2010.

Mexico had an intent to develop an official electronic biometric ID card for all youngsters under the age of 18 years and was called the Personal Identity Card (Record of Minors), which included the data verified on the birth certificate, including the names of the legal ascendant(s), a unique key of the Population Registry (CURP), a biometric facial recognition photograph, a scan of all 10 fingerprints, and an iris scan registration.

NIMC plans to issue 50m multilayer-polycarbonate cards, the first set being contact only, but also dual-interface with DESFire Emulation in the near future.

The SNIC can be used for both offline and online identification, voting, pension disbursement, social and financial inclusion programmes and other services.

In Turkey the e-Government (e-Devlet) Gateway is a largely scaled Internet site that provides access to all public services from a single point.