The Elementary Education Act 1880 (43 & 44 Vict.

[2] Previous Elementary Education Acts had not required (and allowed potential difficulties in) the drawing up of bye-laws on school attendance by local school boards; the 1880 Act removed those difficulties, made the drawing up of such bye-laws mandatory, and allowed central government to impose such bye-laws where local boards had not done so.

If the bye-laws specified minimum requirements (age and/or educational standard reached) to be attained before a child could leave school, it was illegal to employ a child under thirteen who did not satisfy one or the other requirement.

[4] "Mr Mundella's Education bill will be found to have done much to strengthen the weak points and fill up the admitted blanks of the Elementary Education Act.

It is professedly intended more completely to provide bye-laws in connection with the schemes existing under the larger statute; but in reality it practically makes compulsory attendance at school a universal fact, and by quietly overriding the Factory Acts so far as these relate to young children, the educational system of the country is now as nearly as possible perfect.