E. baltica is one of six crane fly species in the genus Elephantomyia described from the Baltic amber, the others being E. brevipalpa, E. bozenae, E. irinae, E. longirostris, and E.

The fossil was first studied by entomologist Charles Paul Alexander of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, with his 1931 type description of the new species being published in his monograph Crane flies of the Baltic Amber (Diptera).

The fossil was reexamined and the species redescribed in 2015 by paleoentomologist Iwona Kania of the University of Rzeszów.

[2] The E. baltica specimen is a well preserved male with an overall length of 9.5 mm (0.37 in), not including the rostrum and an overall brown coloration.

Each palpus is composed of four segments all having a system of microtrichia hairs, and three of the four are elongate cylinders with the fourth being short.