Elisabeth was the only daughter and heiress of John of Görlitz, the third son of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor.

He was unable to repay the loan, and subsequently left Elisabeth in control of the duchy.

Elizabeth's first marriage took place in Brussels on 16 July 1409, to Antoine, Duke of Brabant.

In 1441, she made a treaty with Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, allowing him to immediately assume the administrative duties of Luxemburg and inherit the duchy upon her death.

He agreed to this, but chose to launch a night attack on the territory two years later, taking immediate control.