Elk Prairie Township is one of sixteen townships in Jefferson County, Illinois, USA.

As of the 2010 census, its population was 725 and it contained 350 housing units.

(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

(These towns are listed as "historical" by the USGS.)

The township contains these four cemeteries: Abner, Clampet, Mason and Old Baptist.