Elliott Anthony (1827–1898) was a prominent Illinois lawyer and judge who was active in the founding of the Republican Party.

The case was ultimately argued before David Davis of the United States Supreme Court and Samuel Hubbel Treat, Jr. of Springfield, and resulted in favor of Anthony's clients.

In 1876, he was called again to the position of corporation counsel under Mayor of Chicago Monroe Heath, and took a conspicuous part at that time in the great reform movement in connection with Thomas Hoyne.

He was a delegate to the 1880 Republican National Convention and aided in the nomination of James A. Garfield for President of the United States.

In November 1880, Anthony was elected Judge of the Superior Court of Cook County by a large majority.