Elme Marie Caro (4 March 1826, Poitiers, Vienne – 13 July 1887, Paris) was a French philosopher.

After being professor of philosophy at several provincial universities, he received the degree of doctor in 1852 on the subject of Louis Claude de Saint-Martin, and came to Paris in 1858 as master of conferences at the École Normale.

[2][3] In 1861 he became inspector of the Academy of Paris, in 1864 professor of philosophy to the Faculty of Letters, and in 1874 a member of the Académie Française.

He married Pauline Cassin, the author of Le Péché de Madeleine and other well-known novels.

The philosophy of Victor Cousin influenced him strongly, but his strength lay in exposition and criticism rather than in original thought.