The construction of railroads in the late 19th century brought new prominence to the area, and in 1910 it was incorporated as a village.

In 1870, the growing village was officially renamed "Elmsford" in honor of a local landmark, a giant elm tree (since deceased).

The names Elmsford and Storm's Bridge are reminders of the nearby Saw Mill River, which once had significant tributaries flowing through the village.

According to the tale, a local colonial tavern (sometimes said to be established by town father Isaac Storm) had run out of wooden stirrers during the war and started using the quills of roosters' tailfeathers to stir their drinks; a more embellished version holds that the roosters were plundered from nearby Tory farmers.

[6] According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2), all land.

The Elmsford train station, located on Saw Mill River Road (near the intersection with Route 119) is still standing and now houses a restaurant.

Elmsford's road system connects to numerous major highways and thoroughfares, including Interstate 287, the Saw Mill River Parkway, the Sprain Brook Parkway and Route 9A; the North County Trailway and South County Trailway bicycle paths terminate there.

Convenient to White Plains, Yonkers, New York City, and Connecticut, the village is a significant center of commercial traffic and distribution.

In 1995 the shelter, Central Westchester Humane Society, moved to a location on Warehouse Lane South.

The shelter was replaced by Pets Alive Westchester, and later Paws Crossed Animal Rescue, the current owner.

[9] The theater closed permanently in October 2020 due to financial hardships caused by the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic.