The district was established in 1903 with the opening of the Elwood School on Cuba Hill Road (affectionately called the "Little Red Schoolhouse"), which operated as the sole school in the district for over 50 years.
Elwood School District has a history of academic success, with many students receiving Regents diplomas and recognition by the National Merit Program.
The district has hosted various significant events, such as Career Day in partnership with Suffolk County District Attorney Ray Tierney's office, allowing students to explore different career paths.
It also participates in sustainability initiatives, including an annual Greenlawn-Centerport Day to promote environmental awareness.
The district features modern facilities and offers a diverse range of programs, including Advanced Placement courses and special education services, catering to the needs of all students.