List of ZX Spectrum clones

[1] The most notable changes were the addition of a cartridge port, an AY-3-8912 sound chip, and an improved ULA giving access to better graphics modes.

The T/S 2068 was produced for consumers in the United States, while very similar machines were marketed in Portugal and Poland as the Timex Computer 2068 (TC 2068) and Unipolbrit Komputer 2086 (UK 2086) respectively.

Until 2012/13 the Harlequin existed only as a breadboard prototype,[19] but recently, José Leandro Martínez, Ingo Truppel, and others produced a limited number of PCB versions[20] as an exact board replacement for an actual ZX Spectrum.

The Gama has a built-in 8255 chip (used for the Kempston joystick, and also as a printer port) and 80 KB RAM, adding an alternative memory bank from the address 32768 to 65535.

[32] The Krišpín[33] was a czechoslovakian clone of the ZX Spectrum, developed by František Kubiš at 1984, a student of EF SVŠT (Electrotechnical Faculty of Slovak Technical University) Bratislava.

[41][42][43]The HT 3080C was a Hungarian ZX Spectrum clone made by Híradástechnikai Szövetkezet (Telecommunication Technology Cooperative), and released in 1986.

The initial version, CIP-02, had a low quality 2 KB EEPROM with a propensity for fast data loss, and BASIC had to be loaded from tape.

The top data density was often hit and miss; very good magnetic tape had to be used, and a special monophonic cassette recorder could be bought separately for best results.

The earliest version (HC 85) closely resembled the Spectrum, with a built-in BASIC interpreter, Z80A processor, 48 KB RAM, tape, and TV interfaces.

[58] The first model, TIM-S, It had Source (ALIM) parallel and serial connectors, as well as ports for connecting a cassette recorder, and television set.

[citation needed] A game console based on the ZX Spectrum 48, developed by the Brest Special Design Bureau "Zapad" and produced by the " Tsvetotron " plant.

[66] Produced as a kit for assembly and as a finished computer by the Research Institute of Precision Technology (Zelenograd), the Angstrem plant and the Anbelo MGP (Belozersky).

It featured a 7 MHz Z80 processor, 1024 KB RAM, 128 KB ROM, AY-8910 sound chip (two were fitted in upgraded models), 8-bit DAC, 8-channel ADC, RS-232 and Centronics ports, Beta Disk Interface, IDE interface, AT/XT keyboard, text mode (80×25, 16 possible colours in an 8×8 pattern), and two additional resolutions of 320 x 200 and 640 x 200 pixels.

[71][72] It was first released in 1988 by a company named Sonet from Minsk and different versions exist, with expanded hardware and operating systems, compared to the original ZX Spectrum.

[86][87][88][89][90] The Duet (ru: Дуэт) was a ZX Spectrum 48K clone produced at the Lianozovsky Electromechanical Plant (LEMZ, Moscow).

The ROM was changed from the original machine, with lowercase Latin characters replaced by Cyrillic and Sinclair BASIC messages translated into Russian.

[citation needed]Moskva (ru: Москва, en: Moscow) was the name of two Soviet ZX Spectrum clones.

One year later, the Moskva 128K[72] was launched, and was a faithful clone of the ZX Spectrum 128K, featuring a built-in printer interface, joystick and TV/RGB ports, but lacked a sound processor and disk drive.

[citation needed] Nafanja (ru: НАФАНЯ) was a Soviet ZX Spectrum clone from 1990, which was designed to be transported in a case.

It was equipped with a Zilog Z80 processor, RF modulator, plus several DIN connectors for use with Kempston joysticks and an external cassette recorder.

'Arithmetic Logic Unit «Robik»') was a Soviet and Ukrainian ZX Spectrum clone produced between 1989 and 1998 by NPO "Rotor" in Cherkasy (Ukraine).

There was also the option of fitting the machine with a ProfROM which included such software as a clock, hard disk utilities and the ZX-Word text editor.

[124][125] The Sintez and -Sintez- are Soviet clones of the ZX Spectrum developed in the "Signal" factory (НПО «Сигнал») within the Moldovan SSR in 1989.

[126] The original Sintez resembled the Spectrum+ model, while the -Sintez- was an improved version with a more common mechanical keyboard, an additional serial port, as well as the provision for an 8080 or related processor (e.g. 8255) to be added and used together with the UA 880.

Whilst it is largely compatible with software for the ZX Spectrum 48K (and has two Interface 2 joystick ports) its hardware is configured differently from the machine it is based on, utilising a different memory chip set-up, and lacking slowdown when accessing certain areas of memory, with the result that certain applications and games may produce unexpected results, or crash altogether.

[140] The CPU is a Zilog Z380 (a 32-bit version of the Z80, capable of running at 40 MHz), it has its own graphic adapter, AT-keyboard, own BIOS and extended BASIC-ROM, and RAM expandable up to 4 GB linear.

[148] It subsequently became an FPGA project not directly related to the ZX Spectrum.,[149] adds a graphics mode with 320 points (instead of 256) per width and uses a dialect of Microsoft BASIC.

A ZX Spectrum compatible computer with a real Z80 cpu, VGA, Turbosound, PS/2 keyboard, Kempston joystick, customized for Raspberry Pi 3B case.

The eLeMeNt ZX combines 48K, 128K, +2, +2A, and many Russian memory models, including four Pentagon (computer) and several other Russian models, and the most popular interfaces, such as: K-Mouse; TurboSound FM; Sound Interface Device (SID); enhanced Covox and Soundrive; DivMMC; Z-Controller; Timex and advanced HiRes 512×192 with attributes and planar-based and chunky HGFX graphics modes; ULA+ and indexed true colour palettes; USB mouse and keyboard; 2 interchangeable SD card slots; 3 joystick slots, supporting 2-button Kempston and 8-button Sega controllers; USB serial connection with PC through a standard USB-A cable.

[160] The Speccy2010 is FPGA development board by Martin Bórik, built for the implementation of various gaming computers, originally focused on ZX Spectrum and its clones.