[1] In the second half of the 18th century the autonomous princes clashed with the English East India Company, expanding from Calcutta into the valley of the Ganges.

With the last change the enclave-states of Benares, Rampur and Tehri Garhwal were incorporated and in the south parts of Samthar and Charkari, princely states formerly belonging to the Central Provinces.

The state emblem of Uttar Pradesh owes its origin to the Royal Society in the United Kingdom, which approved the symbol in 1916.

Unveiling this quite an unknown idea first suggested by Mr Baker, assistant director of UP state archives, Dr Sandhya Nagar, says the combination of a "pair of fish and the arrow-bow, embellished with three waves stresses on 'Unity in diversity'.

The emblem consists of a seal depicting the confluence of the Ganga Ganges and Yamuna rivers at Prayagraj, a pair of Matsya, mythical Avatar creature from Hindu mythology to represent the State of Oudh (Awadh) and a pair of Bow and Arrow representing Lord Rama and his city of Ayodhya, the ancient and cultural capital of the region .