Summoned by the Christians of the region from his residence in Egypt, Zarin Cang and his followers stormed and captured his ancestral lands.

[7][8] Zarin Cang’s son, Izz al-din Shir II later came into conflict with the Aq Qoyunlu and was killed in 1491 under the orders of its ruler, Sultan Yaqub.

[10] After the Ottoman-Safavid wars, the Hakkari no longer had the ability to manoeuvre their Ottoman overlords to their advantage and began to lose power and status.

The influence of Western missionaries and their associated governments also unbalanced the religious equilibrium between Christian and Muslim tribes at a time when the Ottoman state was weakened by wars with Russia in 1828-29 and Egyptian ruler Muhammed Ali in 1831.

[2] The emirate did not have control or jurisdiction over the independent Assyrian tribes of Tyari, Baz, Jilu, Tkhouma, and Diz which were known as ashirets, or free men.