Aged 18, by his father's abdication of the title, he was already a duke and a musketeer.
He took part in all Louis XV's campaigns – that in Italy (1733–1734), on the Rhine (1735 et 1743), in Bavaria (1742), in Flanders (1744–1745) and in Germany (1760–1761).
He was then given command of Brittany, the governorship of Franche-Comté and the post of premier gentilhomme de la chambre du roi.
It is said he contributed to the editing of the articles on military science for the Encyclopédie.
In 1761 he sold part of her dowry, including the county of Combourg to the father of Chateaubriand.