The House of Mensdorff-Pouilly originated from the barony of Pouilly in Stenay, on the river Meuse in Lorraine.
Their sons, Albert (1775–1799) and Emmanuel (baptised at Nancy on 24 January 1777), took the name Mensdorff from a community in the county of Roussy, Luxembourg.
The brothers entered military service against revolutionary and Napoleonic France, and Albert was killed in battle in 1799.
During the Revolutions of 1848, Mensdorff-Pouilly was sent as a commissioner to Prague, where he tried in vain to impress on the Prince of Windisch-Grätz the necessity to avoid bloodshed.
In 1838, he purchased Schloss Preitenstein in the Plzeň Region of Bohemia, which remained the property of the Mensdorff-Pouilly family until 1945.