Daigo's grandfather, Emperor Kōkō, had demoted his sons from the rank of imperial royals to that of subjects in order to reduce the state expenses, as well as their political influence; in addition, they were given the family name Minamoto.

[5] Afterwards, his personal name (imina) was changed to Atsuhito (敦仁親王)[6] or Ono-tei[7] before his ascension of the Chrysanthemum Throne.

[8] The era name was changed in 898 to mark the beginning of Emperor Daigo's reign.

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.

[22] Empress (Chūgū): Fujiwara no Onshi (藤原穏子), Kampaku Fujiwara no Mototsune's daughter Consort (Hi): Imperial Princess Ishi (為子内親王) (d.899), Emperor Kōkō's daughter Consort (Nyōgo): Minamoto no Washi (源和子; d.947), Emperor Kōkō's daughter Consort (Nyōgo): Fujiwara no Nōshi (藤原能子; d.964), Udaijin Fujiwara no Sadakata's daughter; later married to Fujiwara no Saneyori Consort (Nyōgo): Court Lady Fujiwara no Wakako (藤原和香子, d.935), Dainagon Fujiwara no Sadakuni's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto no Fūshi/Kaneko (源封子), Ukyōdaibu Minamoto no Motomi's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Fujiwara no Senshi (藤原鮮子; d.915), Iyonosuke (伊予介) Fujiwara no Tsuranaga's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto no Noboru's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto no Chikako (源周子; d.935), Sadaiben Minamoto no Tonau's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Princess Manshi (満子女王; d.920), Prince Sukemi's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Fujiwara no Yoshihime (藤原淑姫; d.948), Sangi Fujiwara no Sugane's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Fujiwara no Kuwako (藤原桑子), Chūnagon Fujiwara no Kanesuke's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Chūjō-Koui (中将更衣), Fujiwara no Korehira's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto no Toshimi's daughter Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto Kiyoko (源清子) Court Attendant (Koui): Fujiwara Doshi (藤原同子) Court Attendant (Koui): Minamoto Haruko (源暖子) Unknown Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD  * Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed.