[1] Emporium is a term that has also been used to describe the centres of heightened trade during the Early Middle Ages.
Some seem to have functioned much like the permanent European trading colonies in China, India and Japan in the early modern period or those of the mediaeval Italian maritime republics in the Levant.
Famous emporia include: Elim, where Hatshepsut kept her Red Sea fleet; Elat, where Thebes was supplied with mortuary materials, linen, bitumen, naphtha, frankincense, myrrh and carved stone amulets from Palestine, Canaan, Aram, Lebanon, Ammon, Hazor, Moab, Edom, Punt and the Arabian Peninsula from Petra to Midian; Naucratis, the only Greek colony in Egypt; Olbia, which exported cereals, fish and slaves; and Sais, where Solon went to acquire the knowledge of Egypt.
In the Hellenic and Ptolemaic realm, emporia included the various Greek, Phoenician, Egyptian and other city-states and trading posts in the circum-Mediterranean area.
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