[3] Before her ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, her personal name (her imina)[4] was Mikekashiya-hime-no-mikoto,[5] also Toyomike Kashikiya hime no Mikoto.

[6] Empress Suiko had several names including Princess Nukatabe and (possibly posthumously) Toyomike Kashikiya.

Some of the many achievements under Empress Suiko's reign include the official recognition of Buddhism by the issuance of the Flourishing Three Treasures Edict in 594.

The adoption of the Sexagenary cycle calendar (Jikkan Jūnishi) in Japan is attributed to Empress Suiko in 604.

Theodore de Bary believed that it was not until the reign of Suiko that "consciously written [Japanese] history becomes a reality".

[13] He noted the name Suiko can be translated to "conjecture of the past", suggesting that this posthumous title was "bestowed on the empress because the writing of history was considered to be an outstanding achievement of her reign".

[13] Empress Suiko, born as Princess Nukatabe (額田部皇女), was the daughter of Emperor Kinmei[14] and his consort (Hi), Soga no Kitashihime.

She married her eldest half-brother, Prince Nunakura Futotama-Shiki,[15] born by her father's legal wife and empress consort.

Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD  * Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed.