[1] The ENEM is the most important exam of this kind in Brazil, with more than 8.6 million registered candidates in 2016.

It is the second largest in the world after China's National Higher Education Entrance Examination.

[3] Until 2008, the exam consisted of two parts: a 63 question multiple-choice test on various subjects (Portuguese, History, Geography, Math, Physics, Chemistry and Biology) and a composition.

[5] After contacting the source, who stated that he obtained the test via a person from Inep (an institute of the Ministry of Education),[5] the newspaper examined the exam and the minister of education, Fernando Haddad, confirmed the leak was of the official exam.

[8] At least since 2018, Bolsonaro had repeatedly criticized ENEM, and the director of the National Institute for Educational Studies and Research, the agency responsible for ENEM, reportedly demanding the exclusion of more than twenty exam questions, many of which dealt with Brazil’s recent history.