Energy subsidy

[1][2] Energy subsidies may be direct cash transfers to suppliers, customers, or related bodies, as well as indirect support mechanisms, such as tax exemptions and rebates, price controls, trade restrictions, and limits on market access.

During FY 2016–22, most US federal subsidies were for renewable energy producers (primarily biofuels, wind, and solar), low-income households, and energy-efficiency improvements.

[18] Support for nuclear fusion continues, although it is not expected to be commercially viable in time to contribute to countries net zero targets.

Or they may be free or cheap negative externalities; such as air pollution or climate change due to burning gasoline, diesel and jet fuel.

[24] The International Energy Agency says: "High fossil fuel prices hit the poor hardest, but subsidies are rarely well-targeted to protect vulnerable groups and tend to benefit better-off segments of the population.