Its type specimen was discovered by the second author on the bark of a tree in the Catimbau National Park, in the Pernambuco state of Brazil, at an altitude of approximately 900 m (3,000 ft).

[2] Enterographa rotundata is distinguished by its round or slightly ellipsoidal ascomata, the sexual reproductive structures of lichen, which are dark brown to black in colour.

[2] Other species such as E. anguinella, E. batistae, E. byssoidea, and E. perez-higaredae also have typically round apothecia but differ in their ascomata size, chemistry, and habitat.

For instance, E. batistae has the smallest ascomata, E. byssoidea is recognised by its byssoid apothecium margin, and E. perez-higaredae is known for the presence of psoromic acid.

[2] The lichen species Lecanographa atropunctata is also superficially similar but can be differentiated by its thicker dark brown to black excipulum and hypothecium, more septate ascospores, and the presence of schizopeltic acid, a compound not found in Enterographa rotundata.