Early leadership included American military chaplains connected to The Church of the Good Shepherd or St. John's,[1] but in 1965 the Diocese elected its first Chinese bishop.

In late 2019 Lennon Yuan-Jung Chang was elected the sixth Bishop of Taiwan, and was consecrated on February 22, 2020.

From the earliest origins of Anglicanism on Taiwan (in or before 1895) until 1945, the island was part of the Nippon Sei Ko Kai Diocese of Osaka.

[3] Parishes of the diocese:[4] From 1954 until 1960, Harry S. Kennedy, Bishop of Hawaii, had direct care of Taiwan; from 1961 until 1964, Charles P. Gilson, Suffragan Bishop of Honolulu, was delegated care of the missionary diocese and was resident on the island.

[3] Further bishops of the missionary diocese were: Since full diocesan status was granted, the bishops diocesan have been: Charles Packard Gilson (Chinese: 吉爾生; September 3, 1899, Portland, Maine – August 11, 1980, New London, New Hampshire),[8] was consecrated a bishop at St Paul's Cathedral, Detroit during the Episcopal Church's 1961 General Convention.