[1] Italy has had a connection with Eritrea since the acquisition of Assab in 1869 by Raffaele Rubattino.

[4] Prior to the racial laws of Fascist Italy, mixed race children of Italian fathers and Eritrean mothers were entitled to Italian citizenship, as long as they were legally recognized by their fathers.

[5] Since Eritrea's independence, Italy has become a destination for Eritrean migrants and asylum seekers.

[6] As of 2021, most Eritrean nationals residing in Italy live in Rome, Milan, and Bologna.

[2] The following table lists Italian provinces by Eritrean population.