The plant is closely related to the white trout lily (Erythronium albidum) and is believed to have evolved less then 9,000 years ago.

[7] Erythronium propullans is found only in two counties in Minnesota (the only strictly endemic plant species in the state.)

[6] It is found in areas with dense shade in the summer, but completes its growing period early in the year before trees are fully leafed out.

[6] Research suggests that E. propullans rarely reproduces from seed on its own, but is highly dependent on vegetative reproduction, or limited cross pollination with Erythronium albidum, thus limiting population growth[9] and spread of the species.

The historical and current distribution of E. propullans is limited and the primary threats to the species include, development and flooding along the floodplains and ridges where it currently exists, trampling and recreational use impacts, as well as habitat changes brought on by invasive species such as common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica).