Escoville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France, with a population of 803 people as of 2017.

The name of the locality is attested in the form Scotvilla in 1101 (note AG according to the Red Cartulary of Troarn) ; Escoldivilla in 1109 (Dictionnaire topographique, according to the cartulary of Troarn) ; Scolvilla in 1156 - 1161 (act H 2, 169); Escotvilla in 1201 (AC,H 941) ; Ecovilla in 1128 (charter of Sainte-Barbe) ; Escovilla in 1208 (Charter of the abbey of Aunay).

[4][5] Albert Dauzat and, following him, Ernest Nègre consider that the first element Escold- represents the Germanic personal name Ascald(us),[6] variant form Ascolt,[7] while there is no ancient form in As-.

Furthermore, they did not know the first form Scotvilla, which is entirely compatible with the evolutions Escotvilla > Ecovilla (type scola > escole > école), but not really with *Ascaldvilla > Escoldivilla or *Ascoltvilla > Escoldivilla, we should end up in *Escauville in one case and *Escouville in the other.

The name (E)scoville has evolved into the English last names Scoville (Anglo-Norman form), Scovill, Scoffield, Schofield, and Scourfield.