Essex South was a federal and provincial electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1882 to 1968.

It initially consisted of the townships of Anderdon, Malden, North Colchester, South Colchester, Gosfield, Mersea, the town of Amherstburg, the villages of Leamington and Kingsville, and Pelée Island in the county of Essex.

In 1914, it was expanded to include the village of Wheatley lying in the county of Essex.

In 1933, it was expanded to exclude the township of Sandwich South, and the village of Wheatley.

This riding elected the following members of the House of Commons of Canada: On Mr. Graham's being named Minister of Militia and Defence, 29 December 1921, and Minister of Naval Service, 29 December 1921: