It has mostly smooth bark, sometimes with loose fibrous or flaky bark near the base of the trunk, linear to lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven and cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit.Eucalyptus cylindrocarpa is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 3–10 m (9.8–32.8 ft) and forms a lignotuber.

The adult leaves are arranged alternately, thick, the same glossy green colour on both sides and linear to lance-shaped or curved.

The type specimen was collected by John Burton Cleland in 1926, "near Woodbine, 60 mi (97 km) south of Coolgardie".

[3] Eucalyptus cylindrocarpa is part of the subgenus Symphyomyrtus section Dumaria in a sub-group of nine closely related species in the series Ovulares.

[3] Woodline mallee is found on sandplains and low dunes mainly between Kellerberrin and Zanthus where it grows in shrubland and woodland in red clayey sand or sandy soils.