Eugène-Maurice-Pierre Cosserat (4 March 1866 – 31 May 1931) was a French mathematician and astronomer.

He was on Science faculty of Toulouse University from 1889 and director of its observatory from 1908, a position he held for the rest of his life.

His studies included the rings and satellites of Saturn, comets and double stars, but is best remembered for work with his engineer brother François on surface mechanics, particularly problems of elasticity.

Their work lacked key elements and lay dormant until the 1960s at which time it was reopened by several authors.

It has become known as the theory of micropolar elasticity and has remained an active research area ever since.