[4][5][6] With a population of 414 as of the 2020 United States census,[7] it is the second-largest community in Eureka County.

Eureka is located in the southern part of Eureka County, at 6,481 feet (1,975 m) in the Diamond Mountains, in a draw on the southern end of Diamond Valley, between Antelope and Newark valleys.

[8] The town is located along the Lincoln Highway / U.S. Route 50, nicknamed "The Loneliest Road in America": aptly named, as the nearest towns along the highway are Austin (70 mi or 110 km west) and Ely (77 mi or 124 km east).

The climate is typical of the Great Basin: hot and dry with cool mornings in the summer with occasional monsoonal thunderstorms from late July through August; cold and relatively dry in the winter.

In 2009 a new brick and steel fire house was built on Main Street in Eureka.

The fire-museum may be viewed through the large glass windows, or a tour may be taken by contacting a local fireman.

The 1880s Eureka Opera House was re-modeled in recent times and regularly schedules performers.