On 1 January 2021, the departments of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged to form a territorial collectivity, but remained part of the Grand Est region.

The creation of this new entity was approved by the French Parliament on 25 July 2019 and Law 2019-816, which delimits its powers, was promulgated on 2 August 2019.

The A35 motorway runs through Alsace from south to north, covering approximately 180 km.

This non-toll motorway was transferred from the state to the European Collectivity of Alsace on January 1, 2021, except for the section passing through the Strasbourg Eurometropolis.

The European Collectivity of Alsace could play a role in reopening cross-border rail lines between Haguenau and Rastatt, and between Colmar and Vieux-Brisach.