It was established on 18 November 2023 after its predecessor organization Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties was dissolved,[1] following ideological and political differences between the association's members over the topic of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

It was established with the aim of promoting scientific socialism, opposing the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and challenging capitalist exploitation and imperialism.

The ECA regards the EU as an imperialist bloc and is dedicated to the principles of class struggle and the rights of workers, advocating for socialism as an alternative to the current capitalist system in Europe.

[3] The WAP is an anti-imperialist international organization, although it sharply differed in viewpoint from the Initiative in the sense that it does not view China or Russia as imperialist states.

[7] Eventually, these disagreements made the Initiative dysfunctional and the main sponsor, the Communist Party of Greece (KKE), therefore decided to withdraw support and dissolve the ECI.