At the age of twelve, his mother died and he was forced to stay at home, working for his father's company.
At fourteen, he sought a teaching position but was unsuccessful and ended up washing cars, which led to an apprenticeship as a mechanic in a garage.
At the age of nineteen he was made redundant and started working as a taxi driver in Dresden.
For 800 Reichsmarks Kluge bought a Dunelt motorcycle in which he entered the 1929 Freiberger Dreiecksrennen, starting first and finishing in third place.
During World War II, Kluge was a Sergeant in Leipzig at the school for army motorisation in Wünsdorf.