Excideuil (French pronunciation: [ɛksidœj]; Occitan: Eissiduelh) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France.

Excideuil is located in the Périgord Vert area, on a limestone plateau between the upper courses of the rivers Isle and Auvézère.

The first reference to Excideuil, as Exidolium is found in a will document from Aredius, also known as Yrieix, dated 572.

This name is made of the Celtic word ialo (meaning "clearing, glade", "place of") suffixed to a radical Exito (Gaul name) or Exitus.

Excideuil was attacked in 1182 around Pentecost by Richard I of England, as mentioned in Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores: Gui d'Excideuil is an Old French romance, written in the 12th century, whose text is now lost.