[7] Each item listed on the CCL is assigned an alphanumeric Export Control Classification Number (ECCN), such as 3A001, that describes it and indicates its licensing requirements.
Technology may be tangible or intangible, and includes written or oral communications, blueprints, drawings, photographs, plans, diagrams, models, formulas, tables, engineering designs and specifications, computer-aided design files, manuals or documentation, and electronic media or information revealed through visual inspection.
A person cannot, without a license or exception, export or re-export foreign-made commodities, software, or technology that incorporates controlled US-origin commodities, software, or technology if the items require a license and incorporate or are combined with more than a minimal amount of controlled US content, as defined in Title 15 of the Code of Federal Regulations (15 CFR) section 734.4.
The BIS maintains a list of people denied export privileges and can, on an exceptional basis, authorize activity otherwise prohibited by a denial order.
Items subject to the EAR cannot be exported or re-exported to Cuba, North Korea, Russia (with respect to Russian oil and gas industries), Crimea, Iran, or Syria without a license or exception.
US persons cannot perform certain activities related to nuclear explosive devices, missiles, chemical or biological weapons, or semiconductor equipment.