The community lies in the UNESCO Geo-Naturpark Bergstraße-Odenwald on the Weschnitz, a small river that empties into Rhine near Biblis.

Fürth's eleven Ortsteile are Brombach, Ellenbach, Erlenbach, Fahrenbach, Kröckelbach, Krumbach, Linnenbach, Lörzenbach, Seidenbach, Steinbach and Weschnitz.

Fürth had its first documentary mention in connection with a donation by Charlemagne to the Benedictine monastery of the Lorsch Abbey, founded in 764.

In the border description from 773, Fürth is not mentioned, but the Welinehouc (Wahlenhügel, now known as the Kahlberg) near today's constituent community of Weschnitz is.

In connection with this donation, there arose border disputes between the Lorsch Abbey and the Bishopric of Worms, which in 795 led to the convening of an arbitral tribunal on the Kahlberg near Weschnitz, an old gathering place and court site not far from today's Walburgiskapelle (chapel).

A “Description of the Huben and Crops of the Estate of Fürth” (curiam Furde) – a Hube being a plot of land big enough to feed one household, similar to a hide in the word's original meaning – from 1023 shows the development that was brought about by this donation and the subsequent clearing and reclamation of the land by Lorsch monks: Fürth was spoken of as principalis curia, or the “first estate”, or Fürstenhof.

Further, owing to incoming crops it was suggested that the corresponding handicraft products be available: 12 bolts (Bahnen) of fine shirt linen, 8 barrels, 8 measuring instruments, 1 mortar, 40 serving dishes, in the one year a pan, in the other a kettle.

It was named after the former teacher Paul Joseph, notwithstanding that in the time of National Socialism, he had been known as a fervent Adolf Hitler stalwart and Party member.