Born in Ucacha [es], Córdoba, Bustos first playing years were with local club Jorge Newbery.

He made his full professional debut on 5 December 2016, in a 1–0 home win over River Plate.

He eventually secured a regular spot in the team, ending the 2016–17 season with an overall of 19 appearances.

Bustos was a member of the Argentine under-17 side that were crowned champions of the 2013 South American Under-17 Championship, appearing in 7 matches.

On 27 August 2017, Bustos received his first senior call-up by coach Jorge Sampaoli for Argentina's 2018 World Cup qualifying matches against Uruguay and Venezuela.