[1] In North America, academic divisions are sometimes titled colleges, schools, or departments, with universities occasionally using a mixture of terminology, e.g., Harvard University has a Faculty of Arts and Sciences and a Law School.
In German, Scandinavian, Slavic and related universities, it would more often be called the Faculty of Philosophy.
The Faculty of Theology was the most prestigious, as well as least common in the first 500 years—and generally one that popes sought most to control.
Although also a professional education for clergy, theology (until the Enlightenment) was also seen as the ultimate subject at universities, named "The Queen of the Sciences", and often set the example for the other faculties.
Nowadays this is still a common name for faculties teaching humanities (e.g.,) Norwegian: Det filosofiske fakultet, Slovene: Filozofska fakulteta).
Examples include: In English-speaking academia, Faculty of Music normally refers to a university department, especially at Oxford and Cambridge (UK).