Fairfield is a borough in Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States.

The actual fighting near Fairfield was between elements of the 6th United States Cavalry under Major Samuel Starr, and elements of General "Grumble" Jones' Brigade of Virginia Cavalry.

The Union casualties were treated in the town of Fairfield, specifically in the homes of Mrs. Sarah Amanda Blythe, Rufus Christian Swope, and in what is now St. John's Lutheran Church.

[5] According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2), all land.

The Fairfield Area School District, which includes the borough,[9] is located in south central Pennsylvania on the Maryland border.

The Mid-Atlantic Soaring Center Airport is located two miles from Fairfield.