Family disruption

In a study conducted in Detroit, researchers followed the lives of hundreds of adolescent participants, measuring how their various family types impact education.

[10] In addition, the study revealed that the father's involvement in the child's schoolwork played a critical role in increasing performance.

[11] In this study, researchers expected to find a correlation due to the potential lack of parenting and academic involvement.

In an analysis on a longitudinal survey from 1970, researchers found that self-esteem, high sense of control over one's own life, and low behavioral problems positively develop between the ages 10–16.

[7] However, the results showed that children who experience a family disruption between these ages make less progress, experiencing lower self esteem, a low sense of control over their lives, and more behavioral problems.

[6] Men who experienced family disruptions lacked opportunities to move to the upper class and acquire inheritable wealth.